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There are various industries and operations, like for example agricultural, manufacturing and warehousing which use powered industrial trucks including lift trucks or forklift trucks on a regular basis in the workplace. Lift trucks are used to raise or lower things or transport things that are stored on pallets or in containers to different locations within the place of work. These industrial equipment help in order to improve productivity at the job location by reducing the requirement for excessive manual handling of things by employees. According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, there are just about 20,000 severe injuries every year in the United States and about one hundred fatalities caused by lift truck incidents.
There are several kinds of lift trucks which have several load capacities. These types differ for specified forward center of gravity and maximum weight where a load is concerned. Employee injuries typically happen as a result from crushing incidents, collision with pedestrians, fall from the forklift or forklift overturn. Operator falls can take place as the worker descends or ascends into the driver cab or becomes ejected from the machinery in the event of an incident or a collision. Forklifts can overturn due to having an unequal center of gravity of the cargo, or from being over-loaded or traveling over an uneven surface that could cause the vehicle to topple over. It is significant for other co-workers to follow strict preventive policies if working near the forklift. Without enough preventive measures, pedestrian co-workers are at risk from accidents or collisions connected with an unsafe load.
With regards to lift truck maintenance, operation and training, there are strict training and standards to be observed. Like for instance, those who are under eighteen years old and are in non-agricultural industries are allowable not to work a forklift truck. It is necessary that all forklift operators should have undergone both theoretical and practical training before commencing forklift operation and they are even required to take refresher courses.
The standards which are defined in the "American National Standard for Powered Industrial Trucks, ANSI B56.1-1969 are what powered industrial trucks have to comply with. The particular OSHA standards which employees and employers must follow as stated in the General Industry Standards include 1910.178 "Powered industrial trucks", and standards for Marine Terminals 29 CFR 1917 Subpart C, "Cargo handling gear and equipment" and Long shoring 29 CFR 1918 Subpart G, "Cargo handling gear and equipment other than ship's gear.
There are different other regulations and directives that are important for employers to be aware of. The NIOSH and OSHA both comprehensively outline regulations or signpost employees and employers to all regulations which apply.
